Yet on many events an out of doors candidate, the emperor’s youngest son, or a favorite monk, could be imposed. Conflicts over those and extra severe concerns frequently ended in a breakdown in cooperation, and patriarchs may be deposed by way of imperial energy. St John Chrysostom, elected in 398, was once one of many first and most renowned casualties of this tradition. He was once exiled to Armenia in 404 simply because he had denounced Empress Eudoxia for erecting a statue of herself with time-honoured and noisy pagan ceremonies, and died 3 years later, protesting his innocence in letters to his supporters. In 907, whilst Leo VI married his fourth spouse, the patriarch denied him access to the church for ten months. regardless of such cases of clash, the cooperation of Empire and Church used to be one of many nice strengths of Christian tradition in Byzantium. It additionally uncommon Byzantium from the location within the medieval West, the place the best bishop, the Bishop of Rome, had less secular aid and often needed to negotiate with invaders. even if Rome used to be restored to imperial keep an eye on within the 6th century and remained less than nominal Byzantine management until eventually the 8th, imperial officers and troops frequently didn't defend the town from assault. The heirs of St Peter, as bishops of Rome thought of themselves, under pressure their improved ethical authority to stability the truth in their political weak spot. through the 5th century the time period papa, this means that father, was once followed, and even supposing all Christian monks are usually addressed as father, bishops of Rome became individual by way of the identify pope. even if Roman claims to an ethical superiority have been famous or now not, it turned the customized for disaffected japanese clerics or priests, who were condemned through the emperor or patriarch, to attract Rome. during this method they was hoping to draw help from Christian experts outdoor the empire. this tradition, which set previous Rome opposed to New Rome, will be saw within the appeals through dissidents for help, for instance, throughout the iconoclast controversy (see bankruptcy 10) and while Leo VI used to be excommunicated by means of his patriarch for marrying for the fourth time. The emperor appealed to the pope and was once happy to benefit that Rome had no objection to his marriage. In 907, this opened a rift among Constantinople and Rome, which was once in basic terms patched up 13 years later. Such appeals to the see of St Peter, even if through these within the East who were condemned and exiled, or via patriarchs who felt they'd been unjustly deposed, more suitable the pope’s place because the final arbiter of Christian quarrels. within the eyes of jap Church leaders, who felt uneasy approximately spotting papal primacy, in addition they created a deadly precedent. throughout the reign of Constantine IX Monomachos (1042–55), this latent hostility flared into mutual condemnation. Contacts among outdated and New Rome had drawn realization to variations among japanese and western Church perform. a few have been basic, reminiscent of the wording of the creed; what bread to take advantage of within the eucharist (leavened with yeast, zymos, within the East, unleavened, azyme, within the West); no matter if monks may still marry (celibacy used to be imposed on all clerics within the West yet clergymen and people in lesser orders have been accepted to marry within the East); and the primacy of bishops of Rome.